online promoter analysis program proscan version 1.7 Search Results


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steraloids inc finasteride
Figure 2. OT receptor activation increases the inhibitory charge carried by synaptic GABAARs in lamina II neurons through the stimulation of 35 neurosteroids synthesis. A, B, Cumulative probability graphs of GABAA mIPSC decay time constants () recorded in lamina II neurons of rat spinal cord slice (A) incubated 3 h in control ACSF (Naive: dotted line, n 281 events), TGOT (100 nM: thin black line, n 200 events), or TGOT and dOVT (1 M; thick gray line, n 207 events) and (B) of control (not injected: dotted line, n 117 events) and carrageenan-injected animals, pretreated with <t>finasteride</t> (thick gray line, n 616 events) or not (thin black line, n 414 events). Traces in A are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs in the different experimental conditions. Note that neurons incubated in TGOT exhibited significantly prolonged mIPSC decay time constant (compared with control, KS test, p 0.001) and this effect was occluded in slices, incubated in the presence of TGOT and dOVT (KS test, p 0.05). Decay time constant of GABAAR mIPSCs recorded in the carrageenan condition were also slower compared with those of control animals (KS test, p 0.001) and of finasteride-pretreated carrageenan (KS test, p 0.001). C, Simplified schematic showing the metabolic pathway that leads to the production of 35 neurosteroids: allopregnanolone (THP) and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC), two potent positive allosteric modulators of GABAA receptor function. Finasteride and PK11195 were used to inhibit5-reductaseactivityandTSPOfunction,respectively.D,HistogramcomparingthemeandecaytimeconstantsofGABAARmIPSCsrecordedfromlaminaIIneuronsinvariousexperimental conditions:(topgraph)invitrosliceincubation(3h)withnormalACSF(control),TGOTalone(100nM),orincombinationwithdOVT(1M),PK11195Finasteride(PKFIN),orPD09859(20M); (bottomgraph)invivopretreatmentofanimalswithfinasteride(30mg/kg,s.c)for7dordOVT(10ng,intrathecally)24hbeforecarrageenansensitization(Carra)arecomparedwithasaline-injected group (control). Traces on the right are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs recorded from control, carrageenan, and dOVT carrageenan-treated rats. One-way ANOVAs performed to compare treatments for in vitro and in vivo conditions were significantly different. Tukey’s post hoc test indicates significance at ***p 0.001.
Finasteride, supplied by steraloids inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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finasteride - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
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application software v. 2.0.17  (Proscan GmbH)
90
Proscan GmbH application software v. 2.0.17
Figure 2. OT receptor activation increases the inhibitory charge carried by synaptic GABAARs in lamina II neurons through the stimulation of 35 neurosteroids synthesis. A, B, Cumulative probability graphs of GABAA mIPSC decay time constants () recorded in lamina II neurons of rat spinal cord slice (A) incubated 3 h in control ACSF (Naive: dotted line, n 281 events), TGOT (100 nM: thin black line, n 200 events), or TGOT and dOVT (1 M; thick gray line, n 207 events) and (B) of control (not injected: dotted line, n 117 events) and carrageenan-injected animals, pretreated with <t>finasteride</t> (thick gray line, n 616 events) or not (thin black line, n 414 events). Traces in A are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs in the different experimental conditions. Note that neurons incubated in TGOT exhibited significantly prolonged mIPSC decay time constant (compared with control, KS test, p 0.001) and this effect was occluded in slices, incubated in the presence of TGOT and dOVT (KS test, p 0.05). Decay time constant of GABAAR mIPSCs recorded in the carrageenan condition were also slower compared with those of control animals (KS test, p 0.001) and of finasteride-pretreated carrageenan (KS test, p 0.001). C, Simplified schematic showing the metabolic pathway that leads to the production of 35 neurosteroids: allopregnanolone (THP) and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC), two potent positive allosteric modulators of GABAA receptor function. Finasteride and PK11195 were used to inhibit5-reductaseactivityandTSPOfunction,respectively.D,HistogramcomparingthemeandecaytimeconstantsofGABAARmIPSCsrecordedfromlaminaIIneuronsinvariousexperimental conditions:(topgraph)invitrosliceincubation(3h)withnormalACSF(control),TGOTalone(100nM),orincombinationwithdOVT(1M),PK11195Finasteride(PKFIN),orPD09859(20M); (bottomgraph)invivopretreatmentofanimalswithfinasteride(30mg/kg,s.c)for7dordOVT(10ng,intrathecally)24hbeforecarrageenansensitization(Carra)arecomparedwithasaline-injected group (control). Traces on the right are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs recorded from control, carrageenan, and dOVT carrageenan-treated rats. One-way ANOVAs performed to compare treatments for in vitro and in vivo conditions were significantly different. Tukey’s post hoc test indicates significance at ***p 0.001.
Application Software V. 2.0.17, supplied by Proscan GmbH, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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wall current monitors wcm  (Proscan GmbH)
90
Proscan GmbH wall current monitors wcm
Figure 2. OT receptor activation increases the inhibitory charge carried by synaptic GABAARs in lamina II neurons through the stimulation of 35 neurosteroids synthesis. A, B, Cumulative probability graphs of GABAA mIPSC decay time constants () recorded in lamina II neurons of rat spinal cord slice (A) incubated 3 h in control ACSF (Naive: dotted line, n 281 events), TGOT (100 nM: thin black line, n 200 events), or TGOT and dOVT (1 M; thick gray line, n 207 events) and (B) of control (not injected: dotted line, n 117 events) and carrageenan-injected animals, pretreated with <t>finasteride</t> (thick gray line, n 616 events) or not (thin black line, n 414 events). Traces in A are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs in the different experimental conditions. Note that neurons incubated in TGOT exhibited significantly prolonged mIPSC decay time constant (compared with control, KS test, p 0.001) and this effect was occluded in slices, incubated in the presence of TGOT and dOVT (KS test, p 0.05). Decay time constant of GABAAR mIPSCs recorded in the carrageenan condition were also slower compared with those of control animals (KS test, p 0.001) and of finasteride-pretreated carrageenan (KS test, p 0.001). C, Simplified schematic showing the metabolic pathway that leads to the production of 35 neurosteroids: allopregnanolone (THP) and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC), two potent positive allosteric modulators of GABAA receptor function. Finasteride and PK11195 were used to inhibit5-reductaseactivityandTSPOfunction,respectively.D,HistogramcomparingthemeandecaytimeconstantsofGABAARmIPSCsrecordedfromlaminaIIneuronsinvariousexperimental conditions:(topgraph)invitrosliceincubation(3h)withnormalACSF(control),TGOTalone(100nM),orincombinationwithdOVT(1M),PK11195Finasteride(PKFIN),orPD09859(20M); (bottomgraph)invivopretreatmentofanimalswithfinasteride(30mg/kg,s.c)for7dordOVT(10ng,intrathecally)24hbeforecarrageenansensitization(Carra)arecomparedwithasaline-injected group (control). Traces on the right are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs recorded from control, carrageenan, and dOVT carrageenan-treated rats. One-way ANOVAs performed to compare treatments for in vitro and in vivo conditions were significantly different. Tukey’s post hoc test indicates significance at ***p 0.001.
Wall Current Monitors Wcm, supplied by Proscan GmbH, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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finasteride n 1 1 dimethylethyl 3 oxo 4 azaandrost 1 ene 17 carboxamide  (Merck & Co)
86
Merck & Co finasteride n 1 1 dimethylethyl 3 oxo 4 azaandrost 1 ene 17 carboxamide
Figure 2. OT receptor activation increases the inhibitory charge carried by synaptic GABAARs in lamina II neurons through the stimulation of 35 neurosteroids synthesis. A, B, Cumulative probability graphs of GABAA mIPSC decay time constants () recorded in lamina II neurons of rat spinal cord slice (A) incubated 3 h in control ACSF (Naive: dotted line, n 281 events), TGOT (100 nM: thin black line, n 200 events), or TGOT and dOVT (1 M; thick gray line, n 207 events) and (B) of control (not injected: dotted line, n 117 events) and carrageenan-injected animals, pretreated with <t>finasteride</t> (thick gray line, n 616 events) or not (thin black line, n 414 events). Traces in A are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs in the different experimental conditions. Note that neurons incubated in TGOT exhibited significantly prolonged mIPSC decay time constant (compared with control, KS test, p 0.001) and this effect was occluded in slices, incubated in the presence of TGOT and dOVT (KS test, p 0.05). Decay time constant of GABAAR mIPSCs recorded in the carrageenan condition were also slower compared with those of control animals (KS test, p 0.001) and of finasteride-pretreated carrageenan (KS test, p 0.001). C, Simplified schematic showing the metabolic pathway that leads to the production of 35 neurosteroids: allopregnanolone (THP) and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC), two potent positive allosteric modulators of GABAA receptor function. Finasteride and PK11195 were used to inhibit5-reductaseactivityandTSPOfunction,respectively.D,HistogramcomparingthemeandecaytimeconstantsofGABAARmIPSCsrecordedfromlaminaIIneuronsinvariousexperimental conditions:(topgraph)invitrosliceincubation(3h)withnormalACSF(control),TGOTalone(100nM),orincombinationwithdOVT(1M),PK11195Finasteride(PKFIN),orPD09859(20M); (bottomgraph)invivopretreatmentofanimalswithfinasteride(30mg/kg,s.c)for7dordOVT(10ng,intrathecally)24hbeforecarrageenansensitization(Carra)arecomparedwithasaline-injected group (control). Traces on the right are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs recorded from control, carrageenan, and dOVT carrageenan-treated rats. One-way ANOVAs performed to compare treatments for in vitro and in vivo conditions were significantly different. Tukey’s post hoc test indicates significance at ***p 0.001.
Finasteride N 1 1 Dimethylethyl 3 Oxo 4 Azaandrost 1 Ene 17 Carboxamide, supplied by Merck & Co, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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finasteride n 1 1 dimethylethyl 3 oxo 4 azaandrost 1 ene 17 carboxamide - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
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finasteride  (Blackwell Verlag)
90
Blackwell Verlag finasteride
Figure 2. OT receptor activation increases the inhibitory charge carried by synaptic GABAARs in lamina II neurons through the stimulation of 35 neurosteroids synthesis. A, B, Cumulative probability graphs of GABAA mIPSC decay time constants () recorded in lamina II neurons of rat spinal cord slice (A) incubated 3 h in control ACSF (Naive: dotted line, n 281 events), TGOT (100 nM: thin black line, n 200 events), or TGOT and dOVT (1 M; thick gray line, n 207 events) and (B) of control (not injected: dotted line, n 117 events) and carrageenan-injected animals, pretreated with <t>finasteride</t> (thick gray line, n 616 events) or not (thin black line, n 414 events). Traces in A are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs in the different experimental conditions. Note that neurons incubated in TGOT exhibited significantly prolonged mIPSC decay time constant (compared with control, KS test, p 0.001) and this effect was occluded in slices, incubated in the presence of TGOT and dOVT (KS test, p 0.05). Decay time constant of GABAAR mIPSCs recorded in the carrageenan condition were also slower compared with those of control animals (KS test, p 0.001) and of finasteride-pretreated carrageenan (KS test, p 0.001). C, Simplified schematic showing the metabolic pathway that leads to the production of 35 neurosteroids: allopregnanolone (THP) and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC), two potent positive allosteric modulators of GABAA receptor function. Finasteride and PK11195 were used to inhibit5-reductaseactivityandTSPOfunction,respectively.D,HistogramcomparingthemeandecaytimeconstantsofGABAARmIPSCsrecordedfromlaminaIIneuronsinvariousexperimental conditions:(topgraph)invitrosliceincubation(3h)withnormalACSF(control),TGOTalone(100nM),orincombinationwithdOVT(1M),PK11195Finasteride(PKFIN),orPD09859(20M); (bottomgraph)invivopretreatmentofanimalswithfinasteride(30mg/kg,s.c)for7dordOVT(10ng,intrathecally)24hbeforecarrageenansensitization(Carra)arecomparedwithasaline-injected group (control). Traces on the right are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs recorded from control, carrageenan, and dOVT carrageenan-treated rats. One-way ANOVAs performed to compare treatments for in vitro and in vivo conditions were significantly different. Tukey’s post hoc test indicates significance at ***p 0.001.
Finasteride, supplied by Blackwell Verlag, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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Figure 2. OT receptor activation increases the inhibitory charge carried by synaptic GABAARs in lamina II neurons through the stimulation of 35 neurosteroids synthesis. A, B, Cumulative probability graphs of GABAA mIPSC decay time constants () recorded in lamina II neurons of rat spinal cord slice (A) incubated 3 h in control ACSF (Naive: dotted line, n 281 events), TGOT (100 nM: thin black line, n 200 events), or TGOT and dOVT (1 M; thick gray line, n 207 events) and (B) of control (not injected: dotted line, n 117 events) and carrageenan-injected animals, pretreated with <t>finasteride</t> (thick gray line, n 616 events) or not (thin black line, n 414 events). Traces in A are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs in the different experimental conditions. Note that neurons incubated in TGOT exhibited significantly prolonged mIPSC decay time constant (compared with control, KS test, p 0.001) and this effect was occluded in slices, incubated in the presence of TGOT and dOVT (KS test, p 0.05). Decay time constant of GABAAR mIPSCs recorded in the carrageenan condition were also slower compared with those of control animals (KS test, p 0.001) and of finasteride-pretreated carrageenan (KS test, p 0.001). C, Simplified schematic showing the metabolic pathway that leads to the production of 35 neurosteroids: allopregnanolone (THP) and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC), two potent positive allosteric modulators of GABAA receptor function. Finasteride and PK11195 were used to inhibit5-reductaseactivityandTSPOfunction,respectively.D,HistogramcomparingthemeandecaytimeconstantsofGABAARmIPSCsrecordedfromlaminaIIneuronsinvariousexperimental conditions:(topgraph)invitrosliceincubation(3h)withnormalACSF(control),TGOTalone(100nM),orincombinationwithdOVT(1M),PK11195Finasteride(PKFIN),orPD09859(20M); (bottomgraph)invivopretreatmentofanimalswithfinasteride(30mg/kg,s.c)for7dordOVT(10ng,intrathecally)24hbeforecarrageenansensitization(Carra)arecomparedwithasaline-injected group (control). Traces on the right are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs recorded from control, carrageenan, and dOVT carrageenan-treated rats. One-way ANOVAs performed to compare treatments for in vitro and in vivo conditions were significantly different. Tukey’s post hoc test indicates significance at ***p 0.001.
Axotret Dermovate Dostinex Finasteride Stada Phototherapy Uv, supplied by Stada Arzneimittel, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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proscan application software  (Proscan GmbH)
90
Proscan GmbH proscan application software
Figure 2. OT receptor activation increases the inhibitory charge carried by synaptic GABAARs in lamina II neurons through the stimulation of 35 neurosteroids synthesis. A, B, Cumulative probability graphs of GABAA mIPSC decay time constants () recorded in lamina II neurons of rat spinal cord slice (A) incubated 3 h in control ACSF (Naive: dotted line, n 281 events), TGOT (100 nM: thin black line, n 200 events), or TGOT and dOVT (1 M; thick gray line, n 207 events) and (B) of control (not injected: dotted line, n 117 events) and carrageenan-injected animals, pretreated with <t>finasteride</t> (thick gray line, n 616 events) or not (thin black line, n 414 events). Traces in A are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs in the different experimental conditions. Note that neurons incubated in TGOT exhibited significantly prolonged mIPSC decay time constant (compared with control, KS test, p 0.001) and this effect was occluded in slices, incubated in the presence of TGOT and dOVT (KS test, p 0.05). Decay time constant of GABAAR mIPSCs recorded in the carrageenan condition were also slower compared with those of control animals (KS test, p 0.001) and of finasteride-pretreated carrageenan (KS test, p 0.001). C, Simplified schematic showing the metabolic pathway that leads to the production of 35 neurosteroids: allopregnanolone (THP) and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC), two potent positive allosteric modulators of GABAA receptor function. Finasteride and PK11195 were used to inhibit5-reductaseactivityandTSPOfunction,respectively.D,HistogramcomparingthemeandecaytimeconstantsofGABAARmIPSCsrecordedfromlaminaIIneuronsinvariousexperimental conditions:(topgraph)invitrosliceincubation(3h)withnormalACSF(control),TGOTalone(100nM),orincombinationwithdOVT(1M),PK11195Finasteride(PKFIN),orPD09859(20M); (bottomgraph)invivopretreatmentofanimalswithfinasteride(30mg/kg,s.c)for7dordOVT(10ng,intrathecally)24hbeforecarrageenansensitization(Carra)arecomparedwithasaline-injected group (control). Traces on the right are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs recorded from control, carrageenan, and dOVT carrageenan-treated rats. One-way ANOVAs performed to compare treatments for in vitro and in vivo conditions were significantly different. Tukey’s post hoc test indicates significance at ***p 0.001.
Proscan Application Software, supplied by Proscan GmbH, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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proscan application software - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
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software proscan version 2.0.17  (Proscan GmbH)
90
Proscan GmbH software proscan version 2.0.17
Figure 2. OT receptor activation increases the inhibitory charge carried by synaptic GABAARs in lamina II neurons through the stimulation of 35 neurosteroids synthesis. A, B, Cumulative probability graphs of GABAA mIPSC decay time constants () recorded in lamina II neurons of rat spinal cord slice (A) incubated 3 h in control ACSF (Naive: dotted line, n 281 events), TGOT (100 nM: thin black line, n 200 events), or TGOT and dOVT (1 M; thick gray line, n 207 events) and (B) of control (not injected: dotted line, n 117 events) and carrageenan-injected animals, pretreated with <t>finasteride</t> (thick gray line, n 616 events) or not (thin black line, n 414 events). Traces in A are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs in the different experimental conditions. Note that neurons incubated in TGOT exhibited significantly prolonged mIPSC decay time constant (compared with control, KS test, p 0.001) and this effect was occluded in slices, incubated in the presence of TGOT and dOVT (KS test, p 0.05). Decay time constant of GABAAR mIPSCs recorded in the carrageenan condition were also slower compared with those of control animals (KS test, p 0.001) and of finasteride-pretreated carrageenan (KS test, p 0.001). C, Simplified schematic showing the metabolic pathway that leads to the production of 35 neurosteroids: allopregnanolone (THP) and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC), two potent positive allosteric modulators of GABAA receptor function. Finasteride and PK11195 were used to inhibit5-reductaseactivityandTSPOfunction,respectively.D,HistogramcomparingthemeandecaytimeconstantsofGABAARmIPSCsrecordedfromlaminaIIneuronsinvariousexperimental conditions:(topgraph)invitrosliceincubation(3h)withnormalACSF(control),TGOTalone(100nM),orincombinationwithdOVT(1M),PK11195Finasteride(PKFIN),orPD09859(20M); (bottomgraph)invivopretreatmentofanimalswithfinasteride(30mg/kg,s.c)for7dordOVT(10ng,intrathecally)24hbeforecarrageenansensitization(Carra)arecomparedwithasaline-injected group (control). Traces on the right are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs recorded from control, carrageenan, and dOVT carrageenan-treated rats. One-way ANOVAs performed to compare treatments for in vitro and in vivo conditions were significantly different. Tukey’s post hoc test indicates significance at ***p 0.001.
Software Proscan Version 2.0.17, supplied by Proscan GmbH, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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dedicated software proscan 2000 version 2.0.17  (Proscan GmbH)
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Proscan GmbH dedicated software proscan 2000 version 2.0.17
Figure 2. OT receptor activation increases the inhibitory charge carried by synaptic GABAARs in lamina II neurons through the stimulation of 35 neurosteroids synthesis. A, B, Cumulative probability graphs of GABAA mIPSC decay time constants () recorded in lamina II neurons of rat spinal cord slice (A) incubated 3 h in control ACSF (Naive: dotted line, n 281 events), TGOT (100 nM: thin black line, n 200 events), or TGOT and dOVT (1 M; thick gray line, n 207 events) and (B) of control (not injected: dotted line, n 117 events) and carrageenan-injected animals, pretreated with <t>finasteride</t> (thick gray line, n 616 events) or not (thin black line, n 414 events). Traces in A are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs in the different experimental conditions. Note that neurons incubated in TGOT exhibited significantly prolonged mIPSC decay time constant (compared with control, KS test, p 0.001) and this effect was occluded in slices, incubated in the presence of TGOT and dOVT (KS test, p 0.05). Decay time constant of GABAAR mIPSCs recorded in the carrageenan condition were also slower compared with those of control animals (KS test, p 0.001) and of finasteride-pretreated carrageenan (KS test, p 0.001). C, Simplified schematic showing the metabolic pathway that leads to the production of 35 neurosteroids: allopregnanolone (THP) and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC), two potent positive allosteric modulators of GABAA receptor function. Finasteride and PK11195 were used to inhibit5-reductaseactivityandTSPOfunction,respectively.D,HistogramcomparingthemeandecaytimeconstantsofGABAARmIPSCsrecordedfromlaminaIIneuronsinvariousexperimental conditions:(topgraph)invitrosliceincubation(3h)withnormalACSF(control),TGOTalone(100nM),orincombinationwithdOVT(1M),PK11195Finasteride(PKFIN),orPD09859(20M); (bottomgraph)invivopretreatmentofanimalswithfinasteride(30mg/kg,s.c)for7dordOVT(10ng,intrathecally)24hbeforecarrageenansensitization(Carra)arecomparedwithasaline-injected group (control). Traces on the right are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs recorded from control, carrageenan, and dOVT carrageenan-treated rats. One-way ANOVAs performed to compare treatments for in vitro and in vivo conditions were significantly different. Tukey’s post hoc test indicates significance at ***p 0.001.
Dedicated Software Proscan 2000 Version 2.0.17, supplied by Proscan GmbH, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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dedicated software proscan 2000 version 2.0.17 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
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proscan application software  (Scantron Corporation)
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Scantron Corporation proscan application software
Figure 2. OT receptor activation increases the inhibitory charge carried by synaptic GABAARs in lamina II neurons through the stimulation of 35 neurosteroids synthesis. A, B, Cumulative probability graphs of GABAA mIPSC decay time constants () recorded in lamina II neurons of rat spinal cord slice (A) incubated 3 h in control ACSF (Naive: dotted line, n 281 events), TGOT (100 nM: thin black line, n 200 events), or TGOT and dOVT (1 M; thick gray line, n 207 events) and (B) of control (not injected: dotted line, n 117 events) and carrageenan-injected animals, pretreated with <t>finasteride</t> (thick gray line, n 616 events) or not (thin black line, n 414 events). Traces in A are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs in the different experimental conditions. Note that neurons incubated in TGOT exhibited significantly prolonged mIPSC decay time constant (compared with control, KS test, p 0.001) and this effect was occluded in slices, incubated in the presence of TGOT and dOVT (KS test, p 0.05). Decay time constant of GABAAR mIPSCs recorded in the carrageenan condition were also slower compared with those of control animals (KS test, p 0.001) and of finasteride-pretreated carrageenan (KS test, p 0.001). C, Simplified schematic showing the metabolic pathway that leads to the production of 35 neurosteroids: allopregnanolone (THP) and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC), two potent positive allosteric modulators of GABAA receptor function. Finasteride and PK11195 were used to inhibit5-reductaseactivityandTSPOfunction,respectively.D,HistogramcomparingthemeandecaytimeconstantsofGABAARmIPSCsrecordedfromlaminaIIneuronsinvariousexperimental conditions:(topgraph)invitrosliceincubation(3h)withnormalACSF(control),TGOTalone(100nM),orincombinationwithdOVT(1M),PK11195Finasteride(PKFIN),orPD09859(20M); (bottomgraph)invivopretreatmentofanimalswithfinasteride(30mg/kg,s.c)for7dordOVT(10ng,intrathecally)24hbeforecarrageenansensitization(Carra)arecomparedwithasaline-injected group (control). Traces on the right are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs recorded from control, carrageenan, and dOVT carrageenan-treated rats. One-way ANOVAs performed to compare treatments for in vitro and in vivo conditions were significantly different. Tukey’s post hoc test indicates significance at ***p 0.001.
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Figure 2. OT receptor activation increases the inhibitory charge carried by synaptic GABAARs in lamina II neurons through the stimulation of 35 neurosteroids synthesis. A, B, Cumulative probability graphs of GABAA mIPSC decay time constants () recorded in lamina II neurons of rat spinal cord slice (A) incubated 3 h in control ACSF (Naive: dotted line, n 281 events), TGOT (100 nM: thin black line, n 200 events), or TGOT and dOVT (1 M; thick gray line, n 207 events) and (B) of control (not injected: dotted line, n 117 events) and carrageenan-injected animals, pretreated with <t>finasteride</t> (thick gray line, n 616 events) or not (thin black line, n 414 events). Traces in A are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs in the different experimental conditions. Note that neurons incubated in TGOT exhibited significantly prolonged mIPSC decay time constant (compared with control, KS test, p 0.001) and this effect was occluded in slices, incubated in the presence of TGOT and dOVT (KS test, p 0.05). Decay time constant of GABAAR mIPSCs recorded in the carrageenan condition were also slower compared with those of control animals (KS test, p 0.001) and of finasteride-pretreated carrageenan (KS test, p 0.001). C, Simplified schematic showing the metabolic pathway that leads to the production of 35 neurosteroids: allopregnanolone (THP) and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC), two potent positive allosteric modulators of GABAA receptor function. Finasteride and PK11195 were used to inhibit5-reductaseactivityandTSPOfunction,respectively.D,HistogramcomparingthemeandecaytimeconstantsofGABAARmIPSCsrecordedfromlaminaIIneuronsinvariousexperimental conditions:(topgraph)invitrosliceincubation(3h)withnormalACSF(control),TGOTalone(100nM),orincombinationwithdOVT(1M),PK11195Finasteride(PKFIN),orPD09859(20M); (bottomgraph)invivopretreatmentofanimalswithfinasteride(30mg/kg,s.c)for7dordOVT(10ng,intrathecally)24hbeforecarrageenansensitization(Carra)arecomparedwithasaline-injected group (control). Traces on the right are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs recorded from control, carrageenan, and dOVT carrageenan-treated rats. One-way ANOVAs performed to compare treatments for in vitro and in vivo conditions were significantly different. Tukey’s post hoc test indicates significance at ***p 0.001.
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Figure 2. OT receptor activation increases the inhibitory charge carried by synaptic GABAARs in lamina II neurons through the stimulation of 35 neurosteroids synthesis. A, B, Cumulative probability graphs of GABAA mIPSC decay time constants () recorded in lamina II neurons of rat spinal cord slice (A) incubated 3 h in control ACSF (Naive: dotted line, n 281 events), TGOT (100 nM: thin black line, n 200 events), or TGOT and dOVT (1 M; thick gray line, n 207 events) and (B) of control (not injected: dotted line, n 117 events) and carrageenan-injected animals, pretreated with <t>finasteride</t> (thick gray line, n 616 events) or not (thin black line, n 414 events). Traces in A are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs in the different experimental conditions. Note that neurons incubated in TGOT exhibited significantly prolonged mIPSC decay time constant (compared with control, KS test, p 0.001) and this effect was occluded in slices, incubated in the presence of TGOT and dOVT (KS test, p 0.05). Decay time constant of GABAAR mIPSCs recorded in the carrageenan condition were also slower compared with those of control animals (KS test, p 0.001) and of finasteride-pretreated carrageenan (KS test, p 0.001). C, Simplified schematic showing the metabolic pathway that leads to the production of 35 neurosteroids: allopregnanolone (THP) and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC), two potent positive allosteric modulators of GABAA receptor function. Finasteride and PK11195 were used to inhibit5-reductaseactivityandTSPOfunction,respectively.D,HistogramcomparingthemeandecaytimeconstantsofGABAARmIPSCsrecordedfromlaminaIIneuronsinvariousexperimental conditions:(topgraph)invitrosliceincubation(3h)withnormalACSF(control),TGOTalone(100nM),orincombinationwithdOVT(1M),PK11195Finasteride(PKFIN),orPD09859(20M); (bottomgraph)invivopretreatmentofanimalswithfinasteride(30mg/kg,s.c)for7dordOVT(10ng,intrathecally)24hbeforecarrageenansensitization(Carra)arecomparedwithasaline-injected group (control). Traces on the right are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs recorded from control, carrageenan, and dOVT carrageenan-treated rats. One-way ANOVAs performed to compare treatments for in vitro and in vivo conditions were significantly different. Tukey’s post hoc test indicates significance at ***p 0.001.
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Figure 2. OT receptor activation increases the inhibitory charge carried by synaptic GABAARs in lamina II neurons through the stimulation of 35 neurosteroids synthesis. A, B, Cumulative probability graphs of GABAA mIPSC decay time constants () recorded in lamina II neurons of rat spinal cord slice (A) incubated 3 h in control ACSF (Naive: dotted line, n 281 events), TGOT (100 nM: thin black line, n 200 events), or TGOT and dOVT (1 M; thick gray line, n 207 events) and (B) of control (not injected: dotted line, n 117 events) and carrageenan-injected animals, pretreated with finasteride (thick gray line, n 616 events) or not (thin black line, n 414 events). Traces in A are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs in the different experimental conditions. Note that neurons incubated in TGOT exhibited significantly prolonged mIPSC decay time constant (compared with control, KS test, p 0.001) and this effect was occluded in slices, incubated in the presence of TGOT and dOVT (KS test, p 0.05). Decay time constant of GABAAR mIPSCs recorded in the carrageenan condition were also slower compared with those of control animals (KS test, p 0.001) and of finasteride-pretreated carrageenan (KS test, p 0.001). C, Simplified schematic showing the metabolic pathway that leads to the production of 35 neurosteroids: allopregnanolone (THP) and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC), two potent positive allosteric modulators of GABAA receptor function. Finasteride and PK11195 were used to inhibit5-reductaseactivityandTSPOfunction,respectively.D,HistogramcomparingthemeandecaytimeconstantsofGABAARmIPSCsrecordedfromlaminaIIneuronsinvariousexperimental conditions:(topgraph)invitrosliceincubation(3h)withnormalACSF(control),TGOTalone(100nM),orincombinationwithdOVT(1M),PK11195Finasteride(PKFIN),orPD09859(20M); (bottomgraph)invivopretreatmentofanimalswithfinasteride(30mg/kg,s.c)for7dordOVT(10ng,intrathecally)24hbeforecarrageenansensitization(Carra)arecomparedwithasaline-injected group (control). Traces on the right are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs recorded from control, carrageenan, and dOVT carrageenan-treated rats. One-way ANOVAs performed to compare treatments for in vitro and in vivo conditions were significantly different. Tukey’s post hoc test indicates significance at ***p 0.001.

Journal: Journal of Neuroscience

Article Title: Long-Lasting Spinal Oxytocin Analgesia Is Ensured by the Stimulation of Allopregnanolone Synthesis Which Potentiates GABAA Receptor-Mediated Synaptic Inhibition

doi: 10.1523/jneurosci.3084-12.2013

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. OT receptor activation increases the inhibitory charge carried by synaptic GABAARs in lamina II neurons through the stimulation of 35 neurosteroids synthesis. A, B, Cumulative probability graphs of GABAA mIPSC decay time constants () recorded in lamina II neurons of rat spinal cord slice (A) incubated 3 h in control ACSF (Naive: dotted line, n 281 events), TGOT (100 nM: thin black line, n 200 events), or TGOT and dOVT (1 M; thick gray line, n 207 events) and (B) of control (not injected: dotted line, n 117 events) and carrageenan-injected animals, pretreated with finasteride (thick gray line, n 616 events) or not (thin black line, n 414 events). Traces in A are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs in the different experimental conditions. Note that neurons incubated in TGOT exhibited significantly prolonged mIPSC decay time constant (compared with control, KS test, p 0.001) and this effect was occluded in slices, incubated in the presence of TGOT and dOVT (KS test, p 0.05). Decay time constant of GABAAR mIPSCs recorded in the carrageenan condition were also slower compared with those of control animals (KS test, p 0.001) and of finasteride-pretreated carrageenan (KS test, p 0.001). C, Simplified schematic showing the metabolic pathway that leads to the production of 35 neurosteroids: allopregnanolone (THP) and tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC), two potent positive allosteric modulators of GABAA receptor function. Finasteride and PK11195 were used to inhibit5-reductaseactivityandTSPOfunction,respectively.D,HistogramcomparingthemeandecaytimeconstantsofGABAARmIPSCsrecordedfromlaminaIIneuronsinvariousexperimental conditions:(topgraph)invitrosliceincubation(3h)withnormalACSF(control),TGOTalone(100nM),orincombinationwithdOVT(1M),PK11195Finasteride(PKFIN),orPD09859(20M); (bottomgraph)invivopretreatmentofanimalswithfinasteride(30mg/kg,s.c)for7dordOVT(10ng,intrathecally)24hbeforecarrageenansensitization(Carra)arecomparedwithasaline-injected group (control). Traces on the right are an average of 10 individual GABAAR mIPSCs recorded from control, carrageenan, and dOVT carrageenan-treated rats. One-way ANOVAs performed to compare treatments for in vitro and in vivo conditions were significantly different. Tukey’s post hoc test indicates significance at ***p 0.001.

Article Snippet: To block neurosteroidogenesis in vitro, we incubated spinal cord slices 3 h in oxygenated ACSF containing PK11195 [1-(2-chlorophenyl)-N-methyl-N-(1-methylpropyl)-3-isoquinoline carboxamide: an inhibitor of the cholesterol translocator protein complex (TSPO; Steraloids)] and finasteride [1,(5 )-androsten4-aza-3-one-17 -(N-tert-butyl-carboxamide): an inhibitor of type II 5 -reductase (Steraloids)].

Techniques: Activation Assay, Incubation, Control, Injection, In Vitro, In Vivo